Pharmacology Mnemonics - Flash Cards

Name: Urokinase (Abbokinase)

Class: Antithrombotic Agent (Thrombolytic Agent)

Mechanism: Urinary-type single chain plasminogen activator. Isolated from cultured human kidney cells.

Absorption:

Dist.:

Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½:

Toxicity/S.E.s: Hemorrhage.

Utility: Treat acute MI (w/in 6 hr. of symptoms), massive PE, acute proximal vein thromboses, occlusion of dialysis access sites and indwelling catheters, occlusion of prosthetic heart valves.

Special Features: Best results in pts. that receive therapy < style=""> Generally non-antigenic. Does not cause allergic rxns.

Name: Tissue Plasminogen Activator, tPA (Activase)

Class: Antithrombotic Agent (Thrombolytic Agent)

Mechanism: Recombinant product identical to endothelial tPA. Preferentially activates plasminogen that is bound to fibrin ® greater clot specificity and potentially less systemic fibrinolysis than w/streptokinase.

Absorption: IV. Prolonged admin. necessary (generally given over 3 hr.). “Accelerated” regimen admin. over 90 min. (2/3 given w/in 1^st 30 min.)

Dist.:

Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½: Short t½.

Toxicity/S.E.s: Hemorrhage.

Utility: Treat acute MI (w/in 6 hr. of symptoms), massive PE, acute proximal vein thromboses, occlusion of dialysis access sites and indwelling catheters, occlusion of prosthetic heart valves.

Special Features: Best results in pts. that receive therapy < style=""> Expensive—several times more costly than streptokinase.

Name: Anistreplase/APSAC (Eminase)

Class: Antithrombotic Agent (Thrombolytic Agent)

Mechanism: Acylated plasminogen-streptokinase activator complex. Plasminogen active site is protected from inactivation. Poor thrombus specificity—catalyzes conversion of circulating & fibrin-bound plasminogen—results in a systemic lytic state.

Absorption: IV. Admin. w/large loading dose to overcome plasma antibodies.

Dist.: Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½: Longer t½ than streptokinase ® sustained fibrinolytic effect.

Toxicity/S.E.s: Hemorrhage. Allergic rxns—pruritis, flushing, urticaria. Higher incidence of allergic rxns. w/readministration. Pronounced hypotension (usu. transient). Delayed fever and arthralgia.

Utility: Treat acute MI (w/in 6 hr. of symptoms), massive PE, acute proximal vein thromboses, occlusion of dialysis access sites and indwelling catheters, occlusion of prosthetic heart valves.

Special Features: Best results in pts. that receive therapy < style=""> Pts. w/antibodies can develop therapeutic resistance.

Name: Streptokinase (Streptase)

Class: Antithrombotic Agent (Thrombolytic Agent)

Mechanism: Derived from b-hemolytic streptococci. Forms a complex w/plasminogen, exposing its active site. Poor thrombus specificity—catalyzes conversion of circulating and fibrin-bound plasminogen—results in a systemic lytic state.

Absorption: IV. Admin. w/large loading dose to overcome plasma antibodies.

Dist.:

Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½:

Toxicity/S.E.s: Hemorrhage. Allergic rxns—pruritis, flushing, urticaria. Higher incidence of allergic rxns. w/readministration. Pronounced hypotension (usu. transient). Delayed fever and arthralgia.

Utility: Treat acute MI (w/in 6 hr. of symptoms), massive PE, acute proximal vein thromboses, occlusion of dialysis access sites and indwelling catheters, occlusion of prosthetic heart valves.

Special Features: Best results in pts. that receive therapy < style=""> Pts. w/antibodies can develop therapeutic resistance.