Pharmacology Mnemonics - Flash Cards

Name: Difenoxin-Atropine (Motofen)

Class: Opioid (Antidiarrheal)

Mechanism: Increased gastric tone ® delayed gastric emptying. ­ tone and ¯ propulsive peristaltic waves in large intest. ® ¯ gut motility. Effects due to inhib. of ACh release by neurons in the intest. wall. Naloxone sensitive.

Absorption: Oral

Dist.:

Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½:

Toxicity/S.E.s: Recommended dose ® dizziness, drowsiness, mild euphoria. Excessive doses ® pronounced euphoria, potentially serious respiratory depression (may not be evident until 12-30 hr later). ¯ peristalsis ® ¯ evacuation of bacteria and toxins. Use w/great caution in kids. Potentiates effects of barbiturate, tranquilizers, alcohol, other narcotics. Hypertensive crisis w/MAOI.

Utility: Antidiarrheal.

Special Features: Difenoxin has 5x potency of diphenoxylate. Atropine included primarily to prevent drug abuse. Kids esp. sensitive to atropine toxicity.

Name: Paregoric

Class: Opioid (Antidiarrheal)

Mechanism: Preparation of oral morphine, anise oil, benzoic acid, camphor, diluted alcohol, and glycerin. Increased gastric tone ® delayed gastric emptying. ­ tone and ¯ propulsive peristaltic waves in large intest. ® ¯ gut motility. Effects due to inhib. of ACh release by neurons in the intest. wall. Naloxone sensitive.

Absorption: Oral

Dist.:

Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½:

Toxicity/S.E.s:

Utility: Antidiarrheal.

Special Features:

Name: Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil)

Class: Opioid (Antidiarrheal)

Mechanism: Increased gastric tone ® delayed gastric emptying. ­ tone and ¯ propulsive peristaltic waves in large intest. ® ¯ gut motility. Effects due to inhib. of ACh release by neurons in the intest. wall. Naloxone sensitive.

Absorption: Oral

Dist.:

Metabolism.:

Excretion, t½:

Toxicity/S.E.s: Recommended dose ® dizziness, drowsiness, mild euphoria. Excessive doses ® pronounced euphoria, potentially serious respiratory depression (may not be evident until 12-30 hr later). ¯ peristalsis ® ¯ evacuation of bacteria and toxins. Use w/great caution in kids. Potentiates effects of barbiturate, tranquilizers, alcohol, other narcotics. Hypertensive crisis w/MAOI.

Utility: Antidiarrheal.

Special Features: Atropine included primarily to prevent drug abuse. Kids esp. sensitive to atropine toxicity.