Name: Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Class: Immunosuppressant (Alkylating Agent) (Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agent)
Mechanism: Activated via hepatic P450 Metabolismolism ® phosphoramide mustard. Phosphoramide mustard alkylates DNA ® cytotoxicity to dividing cells.
Absorption: Oral
Dist.:
Metabolism.:
Excretion, t½:
Toxicity/S.E.s: Bone marrow depression (esp. leukocytosis), hemorrhagic cystitis (may ® bladder fibrosis), n/v/d, alopecia, amenorrhea, testicular atrophy, sterility. Possible secondary malignancies years later.
Utility: Cancer chemotherapy, nephrotic syndrome, intractable rheumatoid arthritis.
Special Features: Therapeutic effect independent of level of P450 activity.