Isoniazid (INH) -|- Pharmacology Mnemonics - Flash Cards

Isoniazid (INH)

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Name: Isoniazid (INH)

Class: Antitubercular

Mech.: Tuberculostatic to resting bacilli, tuberculocidal to rapidly dividing cells. Enters cells via active uptake. Interferes w/DNA synth, glycolyis, synth of mycolic acid (unique component of mycobacteria)

Absorption: Rapidly absorbed after oral admin.

Distribution: Distributes in total body water. Retained in infected tissue.

Metab.: Acetylated in liver.

Excretion, t½: Urine. 75-90% in urine as metabolites in 24 hrs.

Toxicity/S.E.s: Direct—inactivation/depletion of pyridoxine ® peripheral neuritis (treat prophylactically w/supplemental pyridoxine). Hypersensitivity rxns. Hepatitis (can be fatal) due to toxic metabolites. Convulsions, optic neuritis, toxic encephalopathy, reversible psychotic episodes.

Utility: Most important and widely used drug for tuberculosis. Prob. w/resistance.

Special Features: Only drug approved for prophylaxis of tuberculosis.